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| '''<big>Welcome to AnarchyinAction.org!</big>'''
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| A work-in-progress, AnarchyinAction.org will be a resource for anyone to research and write about how and when societies, communities, institutions, rebellions, movements and other social phenomena can function in the absence of coercive hierarchies--and how and when they can not. '''''Anarchy''''', coming from the Greek words ''an'' (without) and ''archos'' (ruler) refers to a situation without rulers, without domination. We collected hundreds of examples of anarchy in practice, many of them from the following works:
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| <blockquote>
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| [[An Anarchist FAQ]] (excerpt)
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| [[Anarchy in Action]] by Colin Ward
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| [[Anarchy Works]] by Peter Gelderloos
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| [[Cartography of Revolutionary Anarchism]] by Michael Schmidt
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| [[Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]] by Peter Kropotkin
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| [[People_Without_Government:_An_Anthropology_of_Anarchy|People Without Government: An Anthropology of Anarchy]] by Harold Barclay
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| [[The Politics of Social Ecology: Libertarian Municipalism]] by Janet Biehl with Murray Bookchin (excerpt)
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| </blockquote>
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| We have sorted these examples into three main categories. '''''Anarchism''''' refers to a political theory and practice that arose in the 19th century, aimed at abolishing coercive hierarchy and establishing a libertarian socialist society in its place. '''''Anti-authoritarianism''''' refers to a broader category of politics including groups such as the Wobblies and Zapatistas that oppose coercive hierarchy but do not call themselves anarchists. Finally, the '''''participatory''''' category includes examples such as ancient Athens where anarchy is extended to many but not to all or even necessarily to most of society. Participatory politics encompasses anti-authoritarianism, which encompasses anarchism.
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| In addition to the examples of anarchy in action, we create two additional categories. In a nod to the naturalist Peter Kropotkin who saw cooperative activity as a factor of evolution, we add ''nonhuman anarchy''. Second, we add the category of ''fictional anarchy'', which would include the planet Annares from Ursula K. LeGuin's ''The Dispossessed''.
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| We do not pretend to present conclusive evidence that anarchy is possible in all situations. Nor do we deny humans' innate potential for hierarchy and indeed for extreme cruelty. Instead, we present this resource as an attempt for curious and open-minded people to collaboratively explore the question of whether a horizontally-run world is possible and what this world might look like. We will not allow anyone to use this website to promote any kind of authoritarianism or to purposely publish false information.
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| AnarchyinAction.org is a project of [http://www.capitalismvsclimate.org Capitalism vs. the Climate] and of friends at [https://getlibre.org/ Get Libre] and elsewhere. If you would like to get involved, please email dfischer@riseup.net.
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| =Examples from [[An Anarchist FAQ]]=
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| [[Paris Commune]]
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| The Haymarket Martyrs
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| Building the Syndicalist Unions
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| Anarchists in the Russian Revolution
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| Anarchists in the Italian Factory Occupations
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| [[Spanish Revolution|Anarchism and the Spanish Revolution]]
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| The May-June Revolt in France, 1968
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| =Examples from [[Anarchy in Action]]=
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| [[Squatters' Protection Society]]
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| [[Woodstock Festival]]
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| [[Pioneer Health Centre]]
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| [[Little Commonwealth]]
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| [[Vienna Psychoanalytic Society's child guidance service]]
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| [[Prague Spring]]
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| [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]
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| [[Anarchism in the Cuban Revolution]]
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| [[Spanish Revolution]]
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| [[Horizontal organization in British architecture]]
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| Work democracy
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| [[Tiv people]]
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| [[Dinka people]]
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| [[Human brain]]
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| [[Global postal service]]
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| [[International railways]]
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| Swiss confederation
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| [[Spies for Peace]]
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| [[Swiss city planning]]
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| [[Medieval commune]]
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| [[Anarchy in the American Revolution]]
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| New England Town Meetings
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| Mexican ''colonial proletarias''
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| Peruvian 'barriadas''
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| Tunisian ''gourbivilles''
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| Indian ''bus tees''
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| Turkish ''gecekondu''
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| Venezuelan ''ranchos''
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| [[King Hill hostel squat]]
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| [[Sexual revolution]]
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| Prestolee School
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| Institueion Libre de Enseiianza
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| Residential College for Students
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| 1960 student revolts
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| [[Emdrup playground]]
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| Freetown playground
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| [[The Yard]]
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| Skrammellegeplad playgrounds
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| Robinson Crusoe playgrounds
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| Brixham fishing cooperative
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| Brora mining cooperative
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| Standard tractor factory
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| Durham worker-managed mines
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| =Examples from [[Anarchy Works]]=
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| (94 examples)
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| [[Really Really Free Market]]
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| [[Semai people]]
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| [[Mbuti people]]
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| [[Grassroots Hurricane Katrina relief]]
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| [[FIERCE!]]
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| Providence Plantations
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| [[Pocasset]]
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| Igbo
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| [[Haudennosaunne]]
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| [[Faslane Peace Camp]]
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| [[Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp]]
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| [[Life and Labor Commune]]
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| [[Catholic Worker movement]]
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| [[Imazighen]]
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| [[Anabaptists]]
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| [[German Peasants' War]]
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| [[Alter-globalization movement]]
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| [[Dissent! Network]]
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| [[Hill People of Southeast Asia]]
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| Korean Anarchist Communist Federation
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| [[Spanish Revolution]]
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| [[Landless Workers' Movement]]
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| [[Oaxaca rebellion]]
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| [[Kibbutzim]]
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| [[Nubian people]]
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| [[Hopi people]]
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| Italian factory occupations
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| [[Argentinian horizontalidad]]
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| [[Mondragon]]
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| Gore Associates
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| Christiana
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| Boston Area Liberation Medic Squad
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| Bay Area Radical Health Collective
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| US Modern schools
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| Albany Free School
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| Quechua Farmers School
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| Universidad Transhumante
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| 1969 Alcatraz occupation
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| Bonnot
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| New Guinea highlands
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| Open Source
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| Wikipedia
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| Free Stores
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| Freecycle Network
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| Taita Hills
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| Village Alternatif, Anticapitalist et AntiGuerres
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| Free Republic of Wendland
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| Stonehenge
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| shantytowns
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| (-Ghana shantytown)
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| El Alto
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| (-FEJUVE)
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| Mjondolo
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| Symphony Way
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| Parisian urban gardeners
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| Cuban agriculture decentralization
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| Maori
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| Global Ecovillage Network
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| (-Old Bassaisa
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| -Ecotop
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| -Earthhaven
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| -Tehuantepec)
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| Minnehaha Free State
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| Bilston Glen
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| Anti-Shell resistance
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| Tonga
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| Seattle 1919
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| Exarchia
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| Rotuman
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| Wapole inmates
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| Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo
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| Zapotec
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| [[Inuit]]
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| Navajo
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| Critical Resistance
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| Take Back the Night
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| Philly's Pissed
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| Philly Stands Up
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| Makhnovist territories
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| Red Cloud's War
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| 2007 Lakota declaration of independence
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| Mohawk road blockade, 1990
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| Bolivia water protests
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| Albania
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| Hamburg 1986-7
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| Copenhagen 1986
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| Can Masdeu
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| Gwangiu
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| Hungarian Revolution
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| Zapatistas
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| Tsimihety
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| Basque autonomous villages
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| (-Lakabe
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| -Aritzkuren
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| -Rala
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| -Uli)
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| La Solana autonomous villages
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| Longo Mai
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| Mas de Granier
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| (-Transkarpaty)
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| Anarchist Black Cross
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| RAWA
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| No Border Network
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| !Kung
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| Whiteway Colony
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| =Examples from [[Cartography of Revolutionary Anarchism]]=
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| ==First Wave, 1868-1894==
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| ===International===
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| International Brotherhood
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| International Alliance of Socialist Democracy
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| International Working Person's Association
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| Anti-Authoritarian International
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| ===Spain===
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| Spanish Regional Federation (FRE)
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| Spanish Regional Labour Federation (FTRE)
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| Spanish Regional Anarchist Organisation (OARE)
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| Pact of Union & Solidarity (PUS)
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| National Confederation of Labor (CNT)
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| Spanish Regional Workers' Federation (FORE)
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| Cantonalist Revolt of 1873-1874
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| ===Mexico===
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| Proletarian Circle (CP)
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| Grand Circle of Mexican Workers (GCO)
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| ===Uruguay===
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| Regional Federation of the Eastern Republic of Uruguay (FRROU)
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| Worker's Federation (FO)
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| ===Cuba===
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| Artisan's Central Council (JCA)
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| Labourer's Circle (CT)
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| Cuban Labour Confederation (CTC)
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| ===United States===
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| Central Labor Union (CLU)
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| ===Russia===
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| Northern Worker's Union (NWU)
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| ==Second Wave, 1895-1923==
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| ===International===
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| Federation of Labour Exchanges (FBT)
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| Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
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| 1903 Macedonian Revolt
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| 1907 International Anarchist Congress
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| 1913 Syndicalist Conference in London
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| Insurgent Committee of Revolutionary Partisans
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| Industrial Workers' Association (IWA)
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| ===Netherlands===
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| National Labour Secretariat (NAS)
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| Federation of Freedom-loving Communists (FVC)
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| ===France===
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| General Confederation of Labour (CGT)
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| Anarchist Communist Alliance
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| Anarchist Federation
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| Co-ordination of Anarchist Groups
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| Libertarian Communist Organization
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| Libertarian Alternative
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| Committee for the Defence of Revolutionary Syndicalism (CDSR, member of IWA)
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| ===Russia===
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| 1905-1907 Russian Revolt
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| Trans-Siberian Railway
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| Anarchist Federation of the Altai (AFA)
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| Siberian Industrial Workers of the World (IWW-Siberia)
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| Autonomous Industrial Commune
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| All-Russian Confederation of Anarcho-Syndicalists (ARKAS)
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| Bleikhman's Petrograd Anarchist Communist Federation (PACF)
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| Union of Anarcho-Syndicalist Propaganda (MFAG)
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| Black Guards
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| ===United States===
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| Industrial Workers of the World-US (IWW-US)
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| ===China===
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| Teahouse Labour Union
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| Guangzhou commune
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| Confederation of Labour Associations (GLH)
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| Hunan Workers' Association
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| Black Societies
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| ===Korea===
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| Black Societies
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| Wonsan General Trade Union
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| Free Trade Union
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| ===Argentina===
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| Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (FORA)
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| Argentine Regional Workers' Confederation (CORA)
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| Argentine Regional Workers' Federation of the 5th Congress (FORA-V)
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| Argentine Regional Workers' Federation of the 9th Congress (FORA-IX)
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| Argentine Libertarian Alliance (ALA)
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| Anarcho-Communist Port-workers' Group (ACAOP)
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| Resistance Society of the Port-workers of the Capital (SROPC)
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| ===Uruguay===
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| Uruguay Regional Workers' Organisation (FORU)
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| ===Brazil===
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| Brazilian Labour Confederation (COB)
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| ===Chile===
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| Chilean Labourers Federation (FTCh)
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| Industrial Workers of the World- Chile (IWW-Chile)
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| ===Paraguay===
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| Paraguayan Regional Workers' Organisation (FORPa)
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| Paraguayan Regional Workers' Centre (CORP)
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| National Revolutionary Alliance (ANR)
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| Workers' Trade Union Reorganisation Council (CORS)
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| ===Cuba===
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| Havana Labour Federation (FOH)
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| Cuban Workers' Confederation (CTC)
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| Cuban National Labour Confederation (CNOC)
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| ===Mexico===
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| House of the World Worker (COM)
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| Mexican Regional Workers' Organization (FORM)
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| General Confederation of Labour (CGT)
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| ===Peru===
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| Peruvian Regional Workers' Federation (FORPe)
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| Local Workers' Federation of Lima (FOL)
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| ===Columbia===
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| Columbian Workers' Federation (FOC)
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| ===Bolivia===
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| Local Workers' Federation (FOL)
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| Feminine Workers' Federation
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| Bolivian Regional Workers' Confederation
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| ===Ecuador===
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| Guayas Workers' Regional Federation (FORG)
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| Ecuadoran Regional Federation of Labor (FTRE)
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| ===Spain===
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| National Confederation of Labour (CNT)
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| National Workers' Union (UON)
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| (renamed General Confederation of Labour (CGT))
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| ===Portugal===
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| National Workers' Union (UON)
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| General Confederation of Labour (CGT, member of IWA)
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| ===Mexico===
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| Mexican Revolution of 1910
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| Mexican Industrial Workers of the World (IWW-Mexico)
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| Mexican Liberal Party (PLM)
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| Industrial Union of North and South America (UIANS)
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| Liberation Army of the South (ELS)
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| National Agrarian Party (PNA)
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| ===Ireland===
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| Industrial Syndicalist Education League (ITGWU)
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| ===Bulgaria===
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| Federation of Anarchist-Communists of Bulgaria (FAKB)
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| Vlassovden Confederation
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| Anarcho-Syndicalist National Confederation of Labour (ASNKR)
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| ===Ukraine===
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| Ukranian Revolution
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| Revolutionary Insurgent Army of the Ukraine (RPAU)
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| ===Italy===
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| Italian Syndicalist Union (USI, member of IWA)
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| Italian Workers' Party (POI)
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| Revolutionary Anarchist Socialist Party (PSAR)
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| Union of Communist Anarchists (UCAI)
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| Italian Anarchist Union (UAI)
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| ===Germany===
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| Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD)
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| Free Association of German Trade Unions (FvDG)
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| German Anarchist Federation (AFD)
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| Federation of Communist Anarchists of German (FKAD)
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| German Workers' Union of Germany (AAUD)
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| General Labour Union--Unity Organisation (AAU-E)
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| ==Third Wave, 1924-1949==
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| ===International===
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| Federation of Anarchist-communist Groups of Poland and Lithuania (FAGPL)
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| East Asian Anarchist Federation (EAAF)
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| American Continental Workingmen's Association (ACAT)
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| North African Libertarian Movement (MLNA)
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| Anarchist International Relations Commission (CRIA)
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| Continental Commission of Anarchist Relations (CCRA)
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| ===Poland===
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| Anarchist Federation of Poland (AFP)
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| General Workers' Federation (GFP)
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| Union of Trade Unions (ZZZ, member of IWA)
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| Polish Syndicalist Union (ZSP)
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| ===Korea, South China, and Manchuria===
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| Korean Anarchist Federation's Chinese Exile Section (KAF-C)
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| Korean Youth Federation in South China (KYFSC)
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| Manchurian Revolution of 1929-31
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| --Shinmin Prefecture (General League of Koreans or HCH)
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| Korean Anarchist Federation (KAF)
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| Korean Anarchist Communist Federation (KACF)
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| Korean Anarchist Federation in Manchuria
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| Federation of Free Society Builders (FFSB)
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| Korean Revolutionary Federation (KRF)
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| ===Spain===
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| Spanish Revolution
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| --CNT's 1936 Zargosa Congress
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| Iberian Anarchist Federation (FAI)
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| Libertarian Youth Federation of Iberia (FIJL)
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| Libertarian Youth (JJLL)
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| Durruti Column
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| Friends of Durruti (AD)
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| ===France===
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| International Revolutionary Syndicalist Federation (FISR)
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| National Confederation of Labour (CNT)
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| Francophile Anarchist Federation (FAF)
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| ===Italy===
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| Italian Anarchist Communists (FdCAI)
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| General Italian Workers' Federation (CGIL)
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| ===Britain===
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| Anarchist Federation of Britain
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| Syndicalist Workers' Federation (SWF)
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| ===Japan===
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| Japanese Anarchist Federation (JAF)
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| Federation of Free Labour Unions (FFLU)
| |
|
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| Conference of Labour Unions (CLU)
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|
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| Japanese Anarchist Club (JAC)
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|
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| Anarchist Federation
| |
|
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| ===Germany===
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|
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| Federation of Libertarian Socialists (FFS)
| |
|
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| ===Netherlands===
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|
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| Independent League of Trade Unions (OVB)
| |
|
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| ===Mexico===
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|
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| General Delegation of the CNT (CNT-DG)
| |
|
| |
| ===Venezuela===
| |
|
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| Venezuelan Regional Workers' Federation (FORV)
| |
|
| |
| =Examples from [[Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]]=
| |
|
| |
| [[San people]]
| |
|
| |
| Khoikhoi people
| |
|
| |
| [[Aboriginal Australians]]
| |
|
| |
| Paupan people
| |
|
| |
| [[Inuit]]
| |
|
| |
| Aleut people
| |
|
| |
| Dayak people
| |
|
| |
| Village community
| |
|
| |
| Buryats
| |
|
| |
| Kabyle people
| |
|
| |
| Peoples of the Caucasus
| |
|
| |
| [[Medieval commune]]
| |
|
| |
| Medieval guild
| |
|
| |
| Labor unions
| |
|
| |
| Strikes
| |
|
| |
| Worker cooperatives
| |
|
| |
| Lifeboat Association
| |
|
| |
| Cyclists' Alliance
| |
|
| |
| Gymnasts' Societies
| |
|
| |
| Alpine Clubs
| |
|
| |
| Froebel Unions
| |
|
| |
| pedagogical societies in Germany
| |
|
| |
| religious charitable associations
| |
|
| |
| scientific, literary, artistic, and educational societies
| |
|
| |
| Mutual-Aid in slum-life
| |
|
| |
| =Examples from [[People Without Government: An Anthropology of Anarchy]]=
| |
|
| |
| [[Gray wolf]]
| |
|
| |
| [[San people]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Inuit]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Mbuti people]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Aboriginal Australians]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Northwest coast indigenous peoples]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Lugbara people]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Konkomba people]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Tiv people]]
| |
|
| |
| Plateau Tonga
| |
|
| |
| Anuak
| |
|
| |
| Ibo
| |
|
| |
| New Guinea indigenous peoples
| |
|
| |
| Ifugao
| |
|
| |
| Land Dayaks
| |
|
| |
| South American Indians
| |
|
| |
| Nuer
| |
|
| |
| Samek or Lapps
| |
|
| |
| Imazighen
| |
|
| |
| Santals
| |
|
| |
| [[Medieval commune]]
| |
|
| |
| Anabaptists
| |
|
| |
| [[Spanish Revolution]]
| |
|
| |
| =Examples from [[The Politics of Social Ecology: Libertarian Municipalism]]=
| |
|
| |
| [[Athenian polis]]
| |
|
| |
| [[Medieval commune]]
| |
|
| |
| New England Town Meetings
| |
|
| |
| Parisian Sections
| |
|
| |
| Swiss confederal leagues
| |
