Evolution of eukaryotes

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"The creative force of symbiosis produced eukaryotic cells from bacteria. Hence all larger organisms--protocoists, fungi, animals, and plants--originated symbiogenetically," write Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan.[1] Symbiogenesis refers to the formation of new species through symbiosis, two organisms of different species living together. Life began with bacteria, which are prokaryotes, meaning their cell has no nucleus. Margulis and Sagan argue that eukaryotes emerged from the symbiotic grouping of prokaryotes.[2]

  1. Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan, Acquiring Genomes: A Theory of the Origin of Species (New York: Basic Books, 2002), 55-56.
  2. ibid.